Umqhaphu
Iimpawu zeempahla eziqhelekileyo zengubo zingeniswa ngokufutshane.
Umqhaphu ligama eliqhelekileyo lazo zonke iintlobo zomqhaphu.Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukwenza ifashoni, impahla yokunxiba, impahla yangaphantsi kunye neehempe.Izibonelelo zayo kulula ukuzigcina zifudumele, zithambile kwaye zisondele kumzimba, ukufunxa okulungileyo kokufuma kunye nokungena komoya.Ukungalungi kwayo kukuba kulula ukuncipha kunye nemibimbi, kwaye ukubonakala kwayo akucocekanga kwaye buhle.Kufuneka i-ayinwe rhoqo xa uyinxibile.
Ilinen
Ilinen luhlobo lwelaphu elenziwe ngeflakisi, iramie, ijute, isisal, ibhanana kunye nezinye iintsinga zesityalo sehemp.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukwenza iimpahla eziqhelekileyo kunye neempahla zokusebenza.Okwangoku, isetyenziselwa ukwenza iimpahla zasehlotyeni eziqhelekileyo.Ineenzuzo zamandla aphezulu, ukufunxa ukufuma, ukuqhutywa kobushushu kunye nokungena komoya okulungileyo.Ukungalungi kwayo kukuba ayikhululekile kakhulu ukugqoka, kwaye ukubonakala kwayo kulukhuni kwaye kuqinile.
Isilika
Isilika ligama eliqhelekileyo lazo zonke iindidi zamalaphu esilika alukwe ngesilika.Njengomqhaphu, uneentlobo ezininzi kunye nobuntu obahlukeneyo.Ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza zonke iintlobo zeempahla, ngakumbi iimpahla zabasetyhini.Izibonelelo zayo zilula, zifanelekile, zithambile, zigudile, ziyaphefumla kwaye zikhululekile.Ukungalungi kwayo kukuba kulula ukushwabana, kulula ukuyifunxa, ayinamandla ngokwaneleyo kwaye iphele ngokukhawuleza.
Ilaphu loboya
Ilaphu loboya, elikwabizwa ngokuba yiwulu, ligama eliqhelekileyo lamalaphu enziwe ngazo zonke iintlobo zoboya kunye nekheshmere.Ngokuqhelekileyo kulungele ukwenza iimpahla ezisemthethweni kunye neziphezulu ezifana neengubo, iisuti kunye neengubo.Ineengenelo zokuxhathisa imibimbi kunye nokumelana nokunxiba, ukuziva okuthambileyo, ubuhle kunye nekhrisimesi, i-elastic kunye nokugcinwa kobushushu obunamandla.Ukungalungi kwayo kukuba kunzima ukuhlamba kwaye akufanelekile ukwenza iimpahla zasehlotyeni.
IFayibha yeMichiza
Ifayibha yekhemikhali sisishunqulelo sefiber yekhemikhali.Lilaphu lefayibha elenziwe ngeekhompawundi zemolekyuli eziphezulu njengemathiriyeli ekrwada.Ngokubanzi, yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini: ifayibha eyenziweyo kunye nefayibha yokwenziwa.Iingenelo zabo eziqhelekileyo ziyimibala eqaqambileyo, ukuthungwa okuthambileyo, ukunqunyulwa okucokisekileyo, ukugudisa kunye nokuthuthuzela.Ukungalungi kwabo kukunganyangeki kokunxiba, ukumelana nobushushu, ukufunxa ukufuma kunye nokungena komoya, kulula ukonakala xa kushushu kwaye kulula ukuvelisa umbane ongatshintshiyo.
Ukudibanisa
Ukudibanisa luhlobo lwelaphu elenziwe ngokuxuba ifayibha yendalo kunye nefiber yekhemikhali ngokomlinganiselo othile.Ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza zonke iintlobo zempahla.Inzuzo yayo kukuba ayifunxa nje kuphela izibonelelo ezifanelekileyo zomqhaphu, i-hemp, isilika, uboya kunye nefayibha yemichiza, kodwa ikwanqanda ukungalungi kwabo ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ixabiso layo linexabiso eliphantsi.
Umqhaphu ococekileyo
Ilaphu lomqhaphu elisulungekileyo lilaphu elenziwe ngomqhaphu njengemathiriyeli ekrwada kwaye lidityaniswe nemisonto yewarp kunye ne-weft ngokuthe nkqo nangokuthe tye ngokusebenzisa intambo yokuluka.Okwangoku, ngokomthombo wangempela wekotoni esetyenzisiweyo, yahlulwe ibe yilaphu yekotoni esisiseko kunye nelaphu lekotoni elisetyenzisiweyo.Ilaphu lomqhaphu elicocekileyo lineenzuzo zokufunxa ukufuma, ukugcinwa komswakama, ukumelana nobushushu, ukuxhathisa kwealkali kunye nococeko.Kwangaxeshanye, kulula ukushwabana, kwaye kunzima ukugudisa kunye nokuncipha emva kokushwabana.Izinga lokuncipha kwempahla ecocekileyo yekotoni yi-2% ukuya kwi-5%.Emva kokulungiswa okukhethekileyo okanye unyango lokuhlanjwa, kulula ukukhubaza, ngakumbi iimpahla zasehlotyeni, kuba ilaphu lincinci.
Ilaphu leLycra
I-Lycra luhlobo olutsha lwefayibha eyasungulwa yiDuPont.Ngokungafaniyo neentsinga ze-elastic eziqhelekileyo, i-Lycra inokwelula ukuya kuthi ga kwi-500% kwaye ibuyele kwimeko yayo yangaphambili.I-Lycra ibizwa ngokuba yifayibha "yobungane", kungekhona nje ngokuba inokudibaniswa ngokupheleleyo kunye nemicu yendalo kunye neyenziwe ngabantu, kodwa inokunyusa induduzo, ukufaneleka, inkululeko yokuhamba kunye nobomi benkonzo yempahla okanye iimpahla.
Ilaphu elinithiweyo
Ilaphu elinithiweyo, elikwabizwa ngokuba lilaphu lokubila, libhekisa kwilaphu elinithiweyo elisicaba elenziwe langaphantsi.I-Hygroscopicity kunye ne-air permeability ilungile, kodwa i-detachability kunye ne-crimping, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuya kubakho i-coil skew.
Ukucoca
Ipolyester luhlobo olubalulekileyo lwefayibha zokwenziwa kunye negama lokurhweba lefiber yepolyester eTshayina.Yifiber eyenziwe kwi-terephthalic acid ecocekileyo (PTA) okanye i-dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) kunye ne-ethylene glycol (umzekelo) nge-esterification okanye i-transesterification kunye ne-polycondensation, i-polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-22-2022